4. The Rainbow Valley of Avaroa
The Rainbow Valley of Avaroa, whose mineral-rich mountains show bands of colour ranging from deep purple to brilliant yellows, is maybe the most amazing hidden jewel. Old volcanic activity and mineral deposits producing remarkable layers of sediment shaped this geological marvel. When the shifting light turns the vibrant striations into an even more amazing show at sunrise and dusk, the valley comes alive. Hiking into little canyons where the rocks seem to change colour with every step creates ideal picture possibilities for visitors The area also features numerous types of high-altitude plants that have evolved to fit the mineral-rich soil, therefore adding splashes of brilliant green to the otherwise colourful scene. Rare earth elements and precious metals are among the more than twenty various mineral complexes geologists have found causing the rainbow effect. The special mix of the valley has drawn international research teams looking at the genesis of mineral deposits in high-altitude surroundings. In order to preserve this natural beauty and share their cultural knowledge on the historical relevance of the location, local people have created sustainable tourism policies. The complicated geological history of the valley spans millions of years, with each coloured layer signifying various times of volcanic and sedimentary activity. Moreover, recent research has shown that the ground hosts special bacterial populations that help to explain the continuous change of the terrain.
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